Jakarta, CMNexus. Kebutuhan listrik untuk industri pusat data (data center) di Indonesia diproyeksikan naik hampir lima kali lipat dalam satu dekade. Mengacu pada Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik (RUPTL) PLN 2025–2034, kebutuhan listrik data center diperkirakan meningkat dari sekitar 1.098 megawatt (MW) pada 2025 menjadi sekitar 2.122 MW pada 2026, lalu terus bertambah hingga sekitar 5.226 MW pada 2034, sebagaimana diberitakan Bisnis.com (7/9/2026), Urbannews.id (8/9/2026), dan RRI (14/9/2026).
Dari 1.098 MW ke 5.226 MW
Pada 2034, sekitar 4.621 MW dari proyeksi kebutuhan tersebut diperkirakan berada di dalam sistem PLN dan sekitar 605 MW melalui PLN Batam. Lonjakan itu menggambarkan besarnya tantangan sistem kelistrikan nasional untuk mengimbangi ekspansi industri pusat data, terutama ketika beban komputasi berbasis kecerdasan buatan (AI) terus bertambah.
Mayoritas data center saat ini berada di klaster strategis seperti Cikarang, Karawang, dan Jabodetabek yang ditopang sistem kelistrikan Jawa-Bali.
"Guna mengantisipasi lonjakan konsumsi daya data center dalam beberapa tahun ke depan, Pemerintah bersama PLN telah menyiapkan langkah ekspansi melalui Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik (RUPTL) 2025–2034 dan inisiatif energi terbarukan," kata Executive Vice President Komunikasi Korporat & TJSL PLN, Gregorius Adi Trianto, seperti dikutip Bisnis.com dan RRI dari keterangan persnya.
Pernyataan senada juga muncul dari sisi pemerintah. Menko Perekonomian Airlangga Hartarto menyatakan AI dan data center termasuk pilar utama pengembangan ekonomi digital Indonesia, dengan pembangunan pusat data berkapasitas pipeline 1,17 GW yang dirancang menyerap lebih dari 600.000 tenaga kerja profesional, sebagaimana dilaporkan ANTARA (27/8/2026).
69,5 GW, 47.758 kilometer sirkuit, dan 107.950 MVA
Untuk mengejar kebutuhan itu, PLN menargetkan penambahan kapasitas pembangkit sekitar 69,5 gigawatt (GW) dalam RUPTL 2025–2034. Sekitar 76 persen di antaranya berasal dari energi baru terbarukan (EBT) dan Battery Energy Storage System (BESS).
PLN juga merencanakan pembangunan jaringan transmisi sekitar 47.758 kilometer sirkuit hingga 2034, serta tambahan kapasitas gardu induk sekitar 107.950 MVA. Pembangkit dan transmisi saja tidak cukup: kesiapan gardu induk, jaringan cadangan, dan koneksi menuju lokasi data center menentukan apakah tambahan kapasitas bisa benar-benar dipakai industri yang membutuhkan listrik dalam jumlah besar.
Pemerintah juga mendorong program Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) hingga 100 gigawatt peak (GWp) yang dicanangkan Presiden dan diluncurkan pada 25 Agustus 2026, sebagai bagian dari perluasan pemanfaatan energi bersih.
Kapasitas terpasang 580–630 MW, pipeline 1,3 GW
Dari sisi permintaan, Ketua Umum Asosiasi Penyelenggara Data Center Indonesia (IDPRO) Hendra Suryakusuma menyebut kapasitas data center nasional hingga Mei 2026 telah mencapai sekitar 630 MW, sementara pipeline tambahan yang disampaikan pemerintah mencapai sekitar 1,3 GW. Angka kapasitas yang berbeda datang dari Direktur Eksekutif Indonesia ICT Institute, Heru Sutadi, yang menyebut kapasitas operasional sekitar 580 MW dengan pipeline tambahan sekitar 1,3 GW. Keduanya diwawancarai Kontan pada 13 September 2026.
IDPRO memperkirakan kebutuhan kapasitas data center pada 2026 tumbuh sekitar 35–45 persen. Dalam satu hingga dua tahun ke depan, tambahan kebutuhan daya diperkirakan sekitar 300 MW–400 MW, terutama berasal dari hyperscaler, AI, dan edge deployment.
Sejumlah proyek telah memperoleh komitmen pasokan listrik berskala besar dari PLN: 511 MVA untuk DayOne di Batam, lebih dari 1 GW untuk pengembangan BDx di sejumlah lokasi, 2 x 725 MVA untuk kampus Digital Edge, serta kerja sama NeutraDC untuk ekspansi hyperscale di Cikarang hingga 200 MW.
Risiko kelebihan pasokan yang bersifat lokal
Hendra mengingatkan bahwa pipeline besar belum berarti seluruh kapasitas masuk pasar bersamaan. Industri perlu membedakan kapasitas yang baru diumumkan, kapasitas dengan kepastian pasokan listrik, yang sedang dibangun, yang telah beroperasi, hingga yang sudah dikontrak pelanggan.
"Ukuran keberhasilan bukan seberapa besar kapasitas yang diumumkan, tetapi berapa besar kapasitas yang benar-benar commissioned, contracted dan utilized," tegasnya. Menurut dia, risiko kelebihan pasokan lebih mungkin terjadi secara lokal atau pada segmen tertentu ketimbang menjadi oversupply nasional.
Heru Sutadi menambahkan catatan serupa: pembangunan sebaiknya bertahap mengikuti kontrak atau kebutuhan pelanggan yang jelas. "Peluangnya besar, tetapi jangan sampai terjadi pembangunan kapasitas lebih cepat daripada pertumbuhan pelanggan," ujarnya kepada Kontan.
Tantangan berikutnya adalah ketersediaan lahan yang sudah terhubung listrik dan jaringan telekomunikasi. Hendra menyebut konsep powered and connected land semakin menentukan, karena data center butuh pasokan besar sekaligus andal: redundansi jaringan, kestabilan tegangan dan frekuensi, kapasitas gardu, serta kepastian tambahan daya sesuai jadwal pengembangan. Kebutuhan lahan untuk data center berskala AI dapat mencapai 10 hektare hingga 30 hektare atau lebih, dan konsumsi air untuk pendinginan membuat sistem closed-loop serta direct liquid cooling menjadi pilihan untuk menekan pemakaian air.
Apa artinya bagi pelaku usaha
Pertumbuhan pusat data bukan hanya urusan korporasi besar. Layanan komputasi awan, aplikasi kasir digital, e-commerce, sampai agen AI yang mulai dipakai pelaku UMKM bertumpu pada pusat data yang pasokan listriknya stabil. Karena itu, kecepatan pembangunan pembangkit, transmisi, dan gardu induk berpengaruh pada ketersediaan, kualitas, dan biaya layanan digital yang dirasakan bisnis di hilir.
Dari sisi daya saing, Bisnis.com mencatat Malaysia memiliki pipeline data center yang mendekati 13 GW, sementara Indonesia tercatat memiliki pipeline 5.848 MW. Selain jumlah megawatt, kualitas energi ikut menentukan: sebagian besar anggota IDPRO telah memiliki komitmen net zero emission pada 2030, sejalan dengan tuntutan pelanggan hyperscaler global.
"Competitiveness Indonesia ke depan tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kemampuan menyediakan listrik, tetapi juga apakah listrik tersebut reliable, scalable, competitive dan increasingly green," pungkas Hendra.
Catatan redaksi
Terdapat perbedaan angka kapasitas data center yang beroperasi: IDPRO menyebut sekitar 630 MW per Mei 2026, sedangkan Indonesia ICT Institute menyebut sekitar 580 MW. Artikel ini memuat keduanya beserta lembaga sumbernya karena basis penghitungan keduanya tidak dirinci dalam pemberitaan. Seluruh angka dan kutipan dalam artikel ini berasal dari sumber yang tercantum di bawah, tanpa penambahan data yang tidak diverifikasi.
Liputan teknologi dan bisnis lain dapat dibaca di kanal berita kami: https://cmnexus.com/news
Sumber
- Bisnis.com — "PLN Siap Kejar Lonjakan Kebutuhan Listrik Data Center Indonesia" (7/9/2026): https://teknologi.bisnis.com/read/20260907/101/2001736/pln-siap-kejar-lonjakan-kebutuhan-listrik-data-center-indonesia
- RRI — "Sistem Listrik Jadi Tantangan Keberadaan Data Center di Indonesia" (14/9/2026): https://rri.co.id/denpasar/iptek/2722157/sistem-listrik-jadi-tantangan-keberadaan-data-center-di-indonesia
- Kontan — "Investasi Data Center RI Tembus Pipeline 1,3 GW, Risiko Oversupply Mengintai" (13/9/2026): https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/investasi-data-center-ri-tembus-pipeline-13-gw-risiko-oversupply-mengintai
- Kontan — "Investasi Data Center Berpacu dengan Pertumbuhan Permintaan" (13/9/2026): https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/investasi-data-center-berpacu-dengan-pertumbuhan-permintaan
- Urbannews.id — "Kebutuhan Listrik Data Center Melonjak, PLN Siapkan Tambahan Kapasitas Hingga 2034" (8/9/2026): https://www.urbannews.id/2026/09/08/kebutuhan-listrik-data-center-melonjak-pln-siapkan-tambahan-kapasitas-hingga-2034/
- ANTARA News — "AI, data centers main pillars of Indonesia's digital economy: Gov't" (27/8/2026): https://en.antaranews.com/news/428716/ai-data-centers-main-pillars-of-indonesias-digital-economy-govt
Jakarta, CMNexus. Power demand for Indonesia's data center industry is projected to increase nearly fivefold over the next decade. According to PLN's Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) 2025–2034, data center electricity demand is estimated to surge from around 1,098 megawatts (MW) in 2025 to approximately 2,122 MW in 2026, before expanding further to roughly 5,226 MW by 2034, as reported by Bisnis.com (7/9/2026), Urbannews.id (8/9/2026), and RRI (14/9/2026).
From 1,098 MW to 5,226 MW
By 2034, around 4,621 MW of this projected demand is expected to be served by the main PLN grid and approximately 605 MW via PLN Batam. The surge underscores the substantial challenge facing the national power grid to keep pace with the expansion of the data center industry, particularly as artificial intelligence (AI) computing workloads continue to rise.
The majority of data centers are currently located in strategic clusters such as Cikarang, Karawang, and Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek), supported by the Java-Bali power grid.
"To anticipate the surge in data center power consumption over the coming years, the Government together with PLN has prepared expansion measures through the Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) 2025–2034 and renewable energy initiatives," said PLN's Executive Vice President of Corporate Communications & TJSL, Gregorius Adi Trianto, as quoted by Bisnis.com and RRI from a press release.
Similar statements came from the government. Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs Airlangga Hartarto stated that AI and data centers are among the main pillars of Indonesia's digital economy development, with a pipeline of 1.17 GW in data center capacity designed to absorb over 600,000 skilled professionals, as reported by ANTARA (27/8/2026).
69.5 GW, 47,758 Circuit Kilometers, and 107,950 MVA
To meet this demand, PLN aims to add around 69.5 gigawatts (GW) of generation capacity under the RUPTL 2025–2034. Approximately 76 percent of this will come from new and renewable energy (EBT) and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS).
PLN also plans to build around 47,758 circuit kilometers of transmission lines through 2034, alongside an additional substation capacity of roughly 107,950 MVA. Generation and transmission alone are not enough: the readiness of substations, redundant networks, and connections to data center sites determine whether this additional capacity can effectively serve power-intensive industries.
The government is also promoting a solar photovoltaic (PLTS) program of up to 100 gigawatt-peak (GWp) initiated by the President and launched on August 25, 2026, as part of the broader clean energy rollout.
Installed Capacity of 580–630 MW, 1.3 GW Pipeline
On the demand side, Chairman of the Indonesia Data Center Provider Organization (IDPRO) Hendra Suryakusuma noted that national data center capacity had reached around 630 MW by May 2026, while the additional pipeline announced by the government stands at roughly 1.3 GW. A different capacity figure was provided by Executive Director of the Indonesia ICT Institute, Heru Sutadi, who cited an operational capacity of around 580 MW with an additional 1.3 GW pipeline. Both were interviewed by Kontan on September 13, 2026.
IDPRO estimates that data center capacity demand will grow by 35–45 percent in 2026. Over the next one to two years, additional power demand is projected at approximately 300 MW–400 MW, primarily driven by hyperscalers, AI, and edge deployments.
Several projects have secured large-scale electricity supply commitments from PLN: 511 MVA for DayOne in Batam, over 1 GW for BDx developments across multiple locations, 2 x 725 MVA for the Digital Edge campus, and a partnership with NeutraDC for a hyperscale expansion in Cikarang of up to 200 MW.
Risk of Localized Oversupply
Hendra cautioned that a large pipeline does not mean all capacity will enter the market simultaneously. The industry needs to distinguish between newly announced capacity, capacity with secured power supply, capacity under construction, operational capacity, and capacity already contracted by customers.
"The measure of success is not how much capacity is announced, but how much capacity is actually commissioned, contracted, and utilized," he emphasized. In his view, the risk of oversupply is more likely to occur locally or in specific segments rather than turning into a nationwide oversupply.
Heru Sutadi echoed similar concerns, advising that development should proceed in phases based on clear contracts or customer demand. "The opportunity is vast, but capacity buildout must not outpace customer growth," he told Kontan.
Another key challenge is the availability of land that is already connected to power and telecommunications networks. Hendra noted that the concept of "powered and connected land" is increasingly critical, as data centers require massive yet highly reliable supply: grid redundancy, voltage and frequency stability, substation capacity, and certainty of additional power aligned with expansion schedules. Land requirements for AI-scale data centers can reach 10 to 30 hectares or more, while water consumption for cooling is making closed-loop systems and direct liquid cooling preferred choices to minimize water usage.
What It Means for Businesses
Data center growth is not solely the concern of large corporations. Cloud computing services, digital point-of-sale (POS) systems, e-commerce, and AI agents increasingly adopted by MSMEs all rely on data centers backed by stable power supplies. Consequently, the pace of generation, transmission, and substation buildouts directly affects the availability, quality, and cost of digital services experienced by downstream businesses.
From a competitiveness standpoint, Bisnis.com noted that Malaysia has a data center pipeline approaching 13 GW, compared to Indonesia's recorded pipeline of 5,848 MW. Beyond sheer megawatts, energy quality is also a decisive factor: most IDPRO members have committed to net-zero emissions by 2030, in line with requirements from global hyperscale clients.
"Indonesia's future competitiveness will not only be determined by its ability to supply electricity, but also by whether that power is reliable, scalable, competitive, and increasingly green," Hendra concluded.
Editorial Notes
There is a discrepancy in the reported operational data center capacity figures: IDPRO cited approximately 630 MW as of May 2026, while the Indonesia ICT Institute cited around 580 MW. This article includes both figures alongside their respective source organizations, as the underlying calculation methodologies were not detailed in the original reports. All figures and quotes in this article are derived from the sources listed below, with no unverified data added.
Additional technology and business coverage can be read on our news channel: https://cmnexus.com/news
Sources
- Bisnis.com — "PLN Siap Kejar Lonjakan Kebutuhan Listrik Data Center Indonesia" (7/9/2026): https://teknologi.bisnis.com/read/20260907/101/2001736/pln-siap-kejar-lonjakan-kebutuhan-listrik-data-center-indonesia
- RRI — "Sistem Listrik Jadi Tantangan Keberadaan Data Center di Indonesia" (14/9/2026): https://rri.co.id/denpasar/iptek/2722157/sistem-listrik-jadi-tantangan-keberadaan-data-center-di-indonesia
- Kontan — "Investasi Data Center RI Tembus Pipeline 1,3 GW, Risiko Oversupply Mengintai" (13/9/2026): https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/investasi-data-center-ri-tembus-pipeline-13-gw-risiko-oversupply-mengintai
- Kontan — "Investasi Data Center Berpacu dengan Pertumbuhan Permintaan" (13/9/2026): https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/investasi-data-center-berpacu-dengan-pertumbuhan-permintaan
- Urbannews.id — "Kebutuhan Listrik Data Center Melonjak, PLN Siapkan Tambahan Kapasitas Hingga 2034" (8/9/2026): https://www.urbannews.id/2026/09/08/kebutuhan-listrik-data-center-melonjak-pln-siapkan-tambahan-kapasitas-hingga-2034/
- ANTARA News — "AI, data centers main pillars of Indonesia's digital economy: Gov't" (27/8/2026): https://en.antaranews.com/news/428716/ai-data-centers-main-pillars-of-indonesias-digital-economy-govt
